Industry Critiques Proposals on Premarket Notice Procedures and Notice of Statements of Nutritional Support

Dec 24, 1997


The dietary supplement industry has given mixed reviews to the Food and Drug Administration's two proposals regarding premarket notification of use of a new dietary ingredient and notification regarding statements of nutritional support, both of which were issued last September. 61 Fed. Reg. 50771 (nutritional support statement notification procedure), and 50774 (premarket notification for a new dietary ingredient).

Statements of nutritional support

By way of background, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA) permits manufacturers of dietary supplements to include on the label or labeling statements (1) claiming a benefit related to a classical nutrient deficiency disease, (2) describing the "well-being" achieved by consuming the dietary ingredient, or (3) describing the supplements effects on the "structure or function" of the body. To make such claims, the manufacturer must have substantiation that the claims are truthful and not misleading and the product label must include the statement: "This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease." In addition, FDA must be notified no later than 30 days after a product that bears a statement of nutritional support is first marketed. One of FDA's September 27, 1996, proposed rules would establish the procedure by which manufacturers and others who are marketing a dietary supplement that bears a statement of nutritional support are to notify FDA of that fact.

The Nutrition Health Alliance (NHA), in December 6 comments, criticized the proposal for ignoring many substantive issues concerning statements of nutritional support. According to a description of the comments in the December 19, 1996 Food Labeling & Nutrition News (FLNN), NHA contended that the proposal should have addressed the type of claims which can be made, the form and amount of substantiation FDA demands, and the circumstances under which the FDA disclaimer language is required. NHA argued that certain structure/function claims have been evaluated by FDA and therefore it would be inaccurate to use the FDA disclaimer with such claims. The group also stated that it is contradictory to state, as the proposal does, that a claim can be made with respect to the role of a supplement in a classical nutritional deficiency disease, but at the same time require a label statement that the product is not intended to prevent, treat or cure disease. Finally, NHA argued that there is no statutory support for the proposed requirement that a "responsible individual" sign the notification or certify that the firm has substantiation for the claim.

Premarket notification for new dietary ingredients

FDA's other proposal would establish a procedure for providing the premarket notification of use of a new dietary ingredient required under DSHEA. DSHEA requires that at least 75 days before introducing into interstate commerce a supplement with a new dietary ingredient FDA must be given notice of the basis for the manufacturer or distributor concluding that a dietary supplement containing the new dietary ingredient will reasonably be expected to be safe.

In comments submitted on December 19, Mead Johnson reportedly contended that the notification should not need to be signed by an authorized official of the manufacturer or distributor of the supplement containing the ingredient; rather it should be sufficient if it is signed by "the person who is directly responsible for assimilating and submitting the pre-market notification." According to the January 9, 1997 FLNN, the company also urged FDA to modify the proposal to allow marketing of a product less than 75 days after filing a notification in the event that FDA completes its review and decides that there is no basis for concern about marketing of the dietary supplement in less than 75 days. In addition, Mead Johnson expressed concern about the provision that submission of additional information would restart the clock on the 75 day waiting period. The company suggested that FDA restart the 75 day period only if the additional information amounts to a substantive amendment to this submission.

The Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN) also submitted comments on the pre-market notification proposal, according to the January 9 FLNN. CRN reportedly urged FDA to state in the proposed regulation that notification is not required if the new dietary ingredient has been present in the food supply as an article used for food in a form in which it has not been chemically altered. This provision, which is in DSHEA, is acknowledged in the preamble to the proposed rule, but not in the proposed regulation itself. Due to the absence of significant legislative history of DSHEA and FDA's unwillingness to interpret the law, the exact meaning and scope of this provision have been uncertain since DSHEA became law. CRN also objected to the proposed requirement that notifications include copies of published information supporting the notification, noting that scientific data are readily available electronically.

The comment period on both proposals ended on December 26, 1996, although FDA will consider late comments. It is not clear when FDA intends to issue final rules concerning pre-market notifications and notification of statements of nutritional support.